The term "Ottonian" refers to a period in European history during the reign of the Ottonian dynasty, which lasted from the 10th to the early 11th centuries. This era is characterized by the consolidation of power in the Holy Roman Empire under rulers like Otto I, who sought to strengthen the empire through military conquests and alliances with the Church. Ottonian art and architecture are notable for their unique style, blending Roman, Byzantine, and local traditions. Key examples include the St. Michael's Church in Hildesheim and illuminated manuscripts, which reflect the cultural and religious values of the time. The Ottonian period laid the groundwork for the later developments in medieval Europe.