The "Ottoman-era" refers to the period of the Ottoman Empire, which lasted from around 1299 to 1922. This empire was founded by Osman I in what is now Turkey and expanded to include parts of Europe, Asia, and Africa. The Ottomans were known for their rich culture, architecture, and advancements in various fields, including science and art. During the Ottoman-era, the empire was a major political and economic power, with Istanbul (formerly Constantinople) as its capital. The empire was characterized by a diverse population, with various ethnicities and religions coexisting under a system known as millet, which allowed for a degree of autonomy among different communities.