Otosclerosis is a condition that affects the bones in the middle ear, particularly the stapes bone. This bone becomes fixed in place due to abnormal bone growth, which can lead to hearing loss. The exact cause of otosclerosis is not fully understood, but it may have a genetic component and is more common in young adults. Symptoms of otosclerosis typically include gradual hearing loss, which may be accompanied by tinnitus, or ringing in the ears. Diagnosis is usually made through hearing tests and imaging studies. Treatment options include hearing aids or surgical procedures to improve hearing.