Oregon's geology is diverse, shaped by volcanic activity, tectonic movements, and erosion. The state features the Cascades, a mountain range formed by volcanic eruptions, including notable peaks like Mount Hood and Mount St. Helens. The Columbia River Gorge showcases dramatic cliffs and waterfalls, carved by glacial and river erosion. The coastal region of Oregon is characterized by sedimentary rocks and marine deposits, while the eastern part of the state contains ancient volcanic fields and basalt formations. The Oregon Coast Range consists of uplifted sedimentary rocks, providing a unique landscape that reflects the state's complex geological history.