Orchiectomy is a surgical procedure that involves the removal of one or both testicles. This operation is often performed to treat conditions such as testicular cancer, severe trauma, or hormonal imbalances. It can be done through various techniques, including open surgery or minimally invasive methods. After an orchiectomy, patients may experience changes in hormone levels, which can lead to side effects like reduced libido or mood changes. Hormone replacement therapy may be recommended to help manage these effects. The procedure is typically safe, but like any surgery, it carries risks such as infection or bleeding.