Orbital refueling is a process that allows spacecraft to replenish their fuel while in space, rather than returning to Earth. This technique can extend the operational life of satellites and other space vehicles, enabling them to travel further and perform longer missions. It is particularly useful for deep space exploration and maintaining the functionality of International Space Station. The process typically involves a refueling vehicle that meets up with the spacecraft in orbit. The two vehicles connect through specialized equipment, allowing fuel transfer to occur safely. This capability is essential for future missions to Mars and beyond, as it reduces the need for heavy fuel loads at launch.