Optical microscopy is a technique that uses visible light and a system of lenses to magnify small objects, allowing scientists to observe details that are not visible to the naked eye. This method is commonly used in biology, materials science, and medicine to study cells, tissues, and various materials. The basic components of an optical microscope include an objective lens, an eyepiece, and a light source. By adjusting these elements, users can achieve different levels of magnification and resolution, making it possible to examine specimens like bacteria, plant cells, and tissue samples in detail.