Optic neuropathy is a condition that affects the optic nerve, which transmits visual information from the eye to the brain. This damage can lead to vision loss or changes in vision, often presenting as blurred vision or blind spots. Various factors can cause optic neuropathy, including glaucoma, diabetes, and trauma. There are different types of optic neuropathy, such as ischemic optic neuropathy, which occurs due to reduced blood flow, and toxic optic neuropathy, caused by exposure to certain toxins or medications. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent further vision loss and manage underlying conditions effectively.