Open source licenses are legal agreements that allow software to be freely used, modified, and shared. These licenses ensure that the original creators retain certain rights while granting users the freedom to adapt the software to their needs. Popular examples of open source licenses include the GNU General Public License and the MIT License, each with its own rules regarding distribution and modification. By using open source licenses, developers can foster collaboration and innovation within the software community. This approach encourages a diverse range of contributions, leading to improved software quality and functionality. Open source projects often thrive on platforms like GitHub, where developers can share their work and collaborate with others.