Olfactory disorders refer to conditions that affect the sense of smell. These disorders can manifest as a reduced ability to smell, known as hyposmia, or a complete loss of smell, called anosmia. They can result from various factors, including nasal infections, head injuries, or exposure to certain chemicals. People with olfactory disorders may also experience distorted smells, a condition known as parosmia. These disorders can impact daily life, affecting taste and appetite, and may be linked to underlying health issues. Diagnosis typically involves a medical history review and smell tests to determine the extent of the impairment.