Oil and gas companies are businesses involved in the exploration, extraction, refining, and distribution of petroleum and natural gas. These companies play a crucial role in the global energy market, providing fuel for transportation, heating, and electricity generation. They operate in various regions, often in collaboration with governments and local communities. The industry is divided into three main sectors: upstream, midstream, and downstream. The upstream sector focuses on exploration and production, while the midstream sector handles transportation and storage. The downstream sector involves refining crude oil into usable products, such as gasoline and diesel, and distributing them to consumers.