Observational Astronomy is the branch of astronomy that focuses on collecting and analyzing data from celestial objects and phenomena. This field relies heavily on various instruments, such as telescopes, to observe stars, planets, and galaxies, allowing astronomers to gather valuable information about the universe. Through techniques like photometry and spectroscopy, researchers can study the light emitted or absorbed by celestial bodies. This data helps in understanding their composition, distance, and motion, contributing to our knowledge of the cosmos and the fundamental laws of physics.