Nuclear proliferation refers to the spread of nuclear weapons and their technology to countries that do not already possess them. This process raises concerns about global security, as more nations with nuclear capabilities could lead to increased tensions and the potential for conflict. Efforts to control proliferation include international treaties like the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT), which aims to prevent the spread of nuclear weapons and promote peaceful uses of nuclear energy. Countries that pursue nuclear weapons often do so for reasons of national security, power, or political leverage. The existence of nuclear weapons in regions with ongoing conflicts can heighten fears of their use, making diplomatic negotiations and disarmament efforts crucial for maintaining peace. International organizations, such as the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), play a key role in monitoring nuclear activities to ensure compliance with non-proliferation agreements.