Nuclear generating stations are facilities that produce electricity using nuclear reactions. They primarily rely on the process of nuclear fission, where the nucleus of an atom, typically uranium, is split into smaller parts, releasing a significant amount of energy. This energy is used to heat water, creating steam that drives turbines connected to generators. These stations are designed with multiple safety systems to prevent accidents and protect the environment. The electricity generated is a crucial part of the energy mix in many countries, providing a reliable source of power while producing minimal greenhouse gas emissions compared to fossil fuels.