Nuclear Factor Kappa B (NF-κB) is a protein complex that plays a crucial role in regulating the immune response, inflammation, and cell survival. It is found in almost all cell types and is activated in response to various stimuli, such as stress, cytokines, and pathogens. Once activated, NF-κB moves into the cell nucleus, where it influences the expression of genes involved in immune and inflammatory responses. NF-κB is essential for maintaining the body's defense mechanisms, but its dysregulation can lead to various diseases, including cancer, autoimmune disorders, and chronic inflammatory conditions. Researchers study NF-κB to better understand its functions and develop potential therapies targeting its pathways for treating these diseases.