NF-κB is a protein complex that plays a crucial role in regulating the immune response, inflammation, and cell survival. It is found in almost all animal cells and is activated in response to various stimuli, such as stress, cytokines, and pathogens. Once activated, NF-κB moves into the cell nucleus, where it binds to specific DNA sequences to control the expression of genes involved in immune and inflammatory responses. The regulation of NF-κB is essential for maintaining cellular health. Dysregulation of this pathway can lead to various diseases, including autoimmune disorders, chronic inflammation, and cancer. Understanding NF-κB is important for developing targeted therapies that can modulate its activity to treat these conditions effectively.