Novaya Zemlya is an archipelago located in the Arctic Ocean, north of Russia. It consists of two main islands, Severny (Northern) and Yuzhny (Southern), along with several smaller islands. The region is known for its harsh climate, with long, cold winters and short, cool summers. It is primarily covered by glaciers and tundra, making it a remote and sparsely populated area. The archipelago has significant historical importance, particularly during the Cold War, when it was used for nuclear testing by the Soviet Union. Today, Novaya Zemlya is a part of the Arkhangelsk Oblast and is recognized for its unique wildlife and natural beauty, attracting scientists and researchers interested in Arctic ecosystems.