Nodaviridae is a family of viruses that primarily infects invertebrates, particularly arthropods like insects and crustaceans. These viruses are non-enveloped and have a simple structure, consisting of a single-stranded RNA genome. They are known to cause diseases in various marine and freshwater organisms, impacting fisheries and aquaculture. The family includes notable genera such as Nodavirus and Betanodavirus. Nodaviruses can lead to significant economic losses in the aquaculture industry, especially in fish farming, where they can cause severe outbreaks. Understanding these viruses is crucial for managing and preventing their spread in affected populations.