The "Nizam-ı Cedid," meaning "New Order," was a series of military and administrative reforms initiated in the early 19th century by Sultan Mahmud II of the Ottoman Empire. These reforms aimed to modernize the army and improve the efficiency of the state in response to internal challenges and external threats. The Nizam-ı Cedid established a new army, trained in European military techniques, and introduced modern weaponry. It also sought to reform the administrative structure, promote education, and enhance the central authority of the Sultan, laying the groundwork for further modernization efforts in the empire.