Nitrites are chemical compounds that contain the nitrite ion, which consists of one nitrogen atom and two oxygen atoms (NO₂⁻). They are commonly found in various foods, especially processed meats, where they are used as preservatives to prevent bacterial growth and enhance color. Nitrites can also occur naturally in soil and water as a result of the nitrogen cycle. In the human body, nitrites can be converted into nitric oxide, a molecule that plays a crucial role in regulating blood flow and blood pressure. However, excessive consumption of nitrites, particularly from processed foods, has raised health concerns, as they can form potentially harmful compounds called nitrosamines when exposed to high heat during cooking.