Nitrate esters are organic compounds formed by the reaction of nitric acid with alcohols. They contain a nitrate group (-NO3) attached to a carbon atom, which can make them highly reactive. Common examples include glycerol trinitrate (also known as nitroglycerin), which is used in explosives and as a medication for heart conditions. These compounds are known for their ability to release energy rapidly when decomposed, making them useful in various applications, including explosives and propellants. However, due to their sensitivity, nitrate esters must be handled with care to prevent accidental detonation or harmful reactions.