Niobium is a chemical element with the symbol Nb and atomic number 41. It is a soft, gray metal that is highly resistant to corrosion and oxidation. Niobium is primarily used in the production of high-strength steel alloys, which are essential in construction and manufacturing. Its unique properties make it valuable in various applications, including superconductors and electronics. Discovered in 1801 by Charles Hatchett, niobium was initially named columbium. It is found in minerals such as columbite and pyrochlore. Niobium is also used in the aerospace industry for its lightweight and strong characteristics, making it ideal for components in aircraft and rockets.