The Nigerian Federation is a political system that divides the country into 36 states and one Federal Capital Territory, Abuja. This structure allows for a distribution of power between the national government and the individual states, promoting local governance and representation. Established in 1960, the federation is designed to accommodate Nigeria's diverse ethnic groups and cultures, including the Hausa, Yoruba, and Igbo. Each state has its own government, which manages local affairs while adhering to the laws set by the federal government.