The Nguyễn Dynasty was the last ruling dynasty of Vietnam, reigning from 1802 to 1945. Founded by Nguyễn Phúc Ánh, who later became Emperor Gia Long, the dynasty established its capital in Huế. The Nguyễn Dynasty is known for its efforts to centralize power and modernize the country, although it faced challenges from internal strife and external pressures. During its rule, the Nguyễn Dynasty implemented various reforms in administration, culture, and education. However, it struggled with colonial influences, particularly from the French, leading to significant territorial losses. The dynasty ultimately ended when Emperor Bảo Đại abdicated in 1945, marking the transition to a new era in Vietnamese history.