Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) is a highly contagious virus that primarily affects birds, particularly domestic poultry like chickens and turkeys. It belongs to the Paramyxoviridae family and can cause severe respiratory, neurological, and digestive symptoms in infected birds. The virus is named after Newcastle upon Tyne, England, where it was first identified in 1926. NDV can spread through direct contact with infected birds, contaminated equipment, or through the air. While it poses a significant threat to the poultry industry, it is not considered a risk to human health. Vaccination and biosecurity measures are essential for controlling outbreaks and protecting flocks from this virus.