New Mexico has a rich history that dates back thousands of years, beginning with the indigenous peoples such as the Pueblo, Navajo, and Apache tribes. These groups developed complex societies, built adobe homes, and created intricate pottery and textiles. In 1540, Spanish explorer Francisco Vázquez de Coronado arrived, marking the beginning of European influence in the region. In 1848, following the Mexican-American War, New Mexico became a U.S. territory. The discovery of gold and silver in the 19th century attracted settlers, leading to conflicts with Native Americans. New Mexico achieved statehood in 1912, becoming the 47th state of the United States, and continues to celebrate its diverse cultural heritage.