Neurological infections are illnesses that affect the nervous system, which includes the brain, spinal cord, and nerves. These infections can be caused by various pathogens, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites. Common types of neurological infections include meningitis, an inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord, and encephalitis, which is an inflammation of the brain itself. Symptoms of neurological infections can vary widely but often include headaches, fever, confusion, and seizures. Diagnosis typically involves medical imaging, laboratory tests, and sometimes a lumbar puncture to analyze cerebrospinal fluid. Early detection and treatment are crucial to prevent serious complications.