The neurohypophysis, also known as the posterior pituitary gland, is a part of the pituitary gland located at the base of the brain. It is responsible for storing and releasing hormones produced by the hypothalamus, including oxytocin and vasopressin. These hormones play crucial roles in regulating various bodily functions, such as water balance and childbirth. Unlike the anterior pituitary, the neurohypophysis does not produce hormones; instead, it acts as a storage site. When needed, the hypothalamus signals the neurohypophysis to release these hormones into the bloodstream, allowing them to exert their effects on target organs throughout the body.