The nervous system is made up of two main components: the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). The CNS includes the brain and spinal cord, which process information and coordinate responses. The PNS consists of all the nerves that branch out from the spinal cord to the rest of the body, connecting the CNS to limbs and organs. Within these components, there are specialized cells called neurons that transmit signals throughout the body. Supporting these neurons are glial cells, which provide protection and nourishment. Together, these components enable the body to respond to stimuli and maintain homeostasis.