The Neapolitan school refers to a group of composers and musicians from Naples, Italy, during the late 16th to early 18th centuries. This school is known for its significant contributions to the development of opera and vocal music, particularly through the use of expressive melodies and harmonies. Key figures include Alessandro Scarlatti and Francesco Provenzale, who helped shape the Baroque style. The Neapolitan school also played a crucial role in the evolution of the Neapolitan opera, characterized by its dramatic storytelling and emotional depth. This style influenced many composers across Europe, leaving a lasting legacy in the world of classical music.