During World War II, the Nazi regime conducted inhumane medical experiments on prisoners in concentration camps. These experiments often involved extreme conditions, such as exposure to freezing temperatures, high altitudes, and infectious diseases, with little regard for the subjects' suffering or consent. The most notorious of these experiments were carried out by doctors like Josef Mengele at Auschwitz. Victims were subjected to surgeries without anesthesia, sterilization, and other brutal procedures, leading to severe pain, permanent injury, or death. These actions are now widely condemned as violations of human rights and ethics in medical research.