The Nazca civilization thrived in southern Peru from around 100 BCE to 800 CE. Known for their advanced agricultural techniques, they developed extensive irrigation systems to cultivate crops like maize and cotton in the arid Nazca Desert. One of the most famous aspects of the Nazca culture is the Nazca Lines, large geoglyphs etched into the desert floor, depicting various animals and shapes. These lines are believed to have had religious or astronomical significance, reflecting the civilization's connection to their environment and spiritual beliefs.