Nauru is a small island country located in the central Pacific Ocean. It is the third smallest country in the world, covering just 21 square kilometers. Nauru has a population of around 10,000 people and is known for its phosphate mining, which has significantly impacted its landscape and economy. The island is surrounded by a coral reef and features a tropical climate. Nauru's capital is Yaren, although it is not an official capital city. The country faces challenges such as limited natural resources and reliance on imports, making economic diversification essential for its future.