National Research Institutions are organizations funded and operated by a government to conduct scientific research and development. They focus on various fields, including health, environment, technology, and social sciences, aiming to advance knowledge and innovation that benefit society. These institutions often collaborate with universities, private sectors, and international organizations to enhance their research capabilities. These institutions play a crucial role in shaping national policies and addressing pressing challenges. By providing evidence-based findings, they support decision-making processes and contribute to the overall progress of the nation. Examples of such institutions include the National Institutes of Health (NIH) in the United States and Max Planck Society in Germany.