The N-Queens problem is a classic puzzle in computer science and mathematics. It involves placing N queens on an N x N chessboard so that no two queens threaten each other. This means that no two queens can share the same row, column, or diagonal. The challenge is to find all possible arrangements for a given value of N. For example, when N is 4, there are two distinct solutions. The problem is often used to teach concepts in algorithms and backtracking, as it requires systematic exploration of possible placements. Solving the N-Queens problem helps develop problem-solving skills and understanding of combinatorial optimization.