Musical numbers are specific segments within a musical or theatrical performance that feature songs or instrumental pieces. These segments are designed to enhance the storytelling by expressing emotions, developing characters, or advancing the plot. They can vary in style, tempo, and complexity, ranging from solo performances to large ensemble pieces. In the context of musicals, musical numbers often include choreography and staging, making them visually engaging as well. Famous examples of musical numbers can be found in productions like Hamilton or The Phantom of the Opera, where the music and lyrics play a crucial role in the overall experience of the show.