Muscle cramps are sudden, involuntary contractions of one or more muscles, often causing pain and discomfort. They can occur during physical activity, at rest, or even during sleep. Common areas affected include the legs, feet, and hands. Factors such as dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, and prolonged sitting or standing can contribute to the occurrence of cramps. Treatment for muscle cramps typically involves stretching the affected muscle and applying heat or cold to relieve pain. Staying hydrated and maintaining a balanced diet rich in electrolytes like potassium and magnesium can help prevent cramps. Regular exercise and proper warm-up routines may also reduce the risk of experiencing cramps.