Muhammad Iqbal (1877-1938) was a prominent philosopher, poet, and politician in British India. He is best known for his Urdu and Persian poetry, which inspired the movement for the creation of Pakistan. Iqbal's work emphasized self-discovery and the importance of spiritual and intellectual awakening among Muslims. Iqbal is often referred to as the "Spiritual Father of Pakistan" due to his vision of a separate nation for Muslims. His famous poems, such as Shikwa and Jawab-e-Shikwa, reflect his deep concern for the socio-political issues of his time. Iqbal's ideas continue to influence literature and philosophy in the region.