Mohammad Mossadegh was an Iranian politician who served as the Prime Minister of Iran from 1951 until 1953. He is best known for nationalizing the Iranian oil industry, which had been controlled by the British-owned Anglo-Iranian Oil Company. This move aimed to increase Iran's control over its natural resources and reduce foreign influence. Mossadegh's policies and actions led to significant political tensions, both domestically and internationally. In 1953, he was overthrown in a coup orchestrated by the CIA and the British intelligence agency, which restored the monarchy under Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi. This event had lasting impacts on Iran's political landscape.