Moses Maimonides, also known as Rabbi Moshe ben Maimon, was a prominent Jewish philosopher, theologian, and physician born in 1135 in Córdoba, Spain. He is best known for his works on Jewish law and ethics, particularly the Mishneh Torah, a comprehensive code of Jewish law, and the Guide for the Perplexed, which addresses the relationship between religion and philosophy. Maimonides played a significant role in the development of Jewish thought and is considered one of the greatest Jewish scholars of all time. His ideas influenced not only Jewish philosophy but also Christian and Islamic thought, making him a key figure in the intellectual history of the Middle Ages.