Mortality refers to the state of being subject to death. It is a fundamental aspect of life, affecting all living organisms, including humans. Mortality is often measured in terms of mortality rates, which indicate the number of deaths in a specific population over a certain period. Understanding mortality helps researchers and healthcare professionals assess public health and develop strategies to improve life expectancy. The study of mortality encompasses various factors, such as age, gender, and health conditions. For instance, chronic diseases like heart disease and cancer significantly influence mortality rates. Additionally, social determinants, including socioeconomic status and access to healthcare, play a crucial role in shaping mortality outcomes in different populations.