A moraine is a landform created by the accumulation of debris, such as rocks and soil, that has been transported and deposited by a glacier. As glaciers move, they erode the landscape, picking up materials along the way. When the glacier retreats, it leaves behind these materials, forming a ridge or mound known as a moraine. There are different types of moraines, including terminal moraines, which mark the furthest advance of a glacier, and lateral moraines, found along the sides of a glacier. These features are important for understanding past glacial activity and the effects of climate change on landscapes, particularly in regions like the Alps or Rocky Mountains.