The Monuments, Fine Arts, and Archives program, often referred to as the MFA&A program, was established during World War II to protect cultural heritage in Europe. It aimed to identify, safeguard, and restore important artworks, monuments, and archives that were at risk due to the war. This initiative involved a group of art historians, architects, and museum professionals known as the Monuments Men. The program played a crucial role in recovering stolen art and preserving historical sites. It also laid the groundwork for future cultural preservation efforts, emphasizing the importance of protecting cultural heritage during conflicts. The legacy of the MFA&A program continues to influence modern conservation practices.