The Mongol conquests were a series of military campaigns initiated by the Mongol Empire in the 13th century. Led by Genghis Khan, these conquests expanded the empire across Asia and into Europe, creating one of the largest contiguous empires in history. The Mongols utilized advanced military strategies and mobility, allowing them to defeat larger armies. The conquests began in 1206 and continued for several decades, resulting in the capture of key territories such as China, Persia, and parts of Eastern Europe. The Mongols were known for their brutal tactics but also promoted trade and cultural exchange along the Silk Road, significantly impacting the regions they conquered.