"Moneyball: The Art of Winning an Unfair Game" is a book by Michael Lewis that explores how the Oakland Athletics baseball team used data analytics to build a competitive team on a limited budget. The story focuses on Billy Beane, the team's general manager, who challenged traditional scouting methods by prioritizing on-base percentage and other undervalued statistics. The book illustrates how the A's successfully identified and acquired players who were overlooked by other teams, leading to a remarkable season in 2002. This innovative approach to team-building has since influenced various sports and industries, highlighting the power of data-driven decision-making.