Mohammed bin Thani was the ruler of Qatar from 1850 until his death in 1878. He played a significant role in establishing the foundations of the modern state of Qatar. His leadership was marked by efforts to strengthen the economy and maintain stability in the region. During his reign, Mohammed bin Thani focused on developing trade and fostering relationships with neighboring countries. He is remembered for his diplomatic skills and for laying the groundwork for future leaders, including his son, Mohammed bin Jassim, who succeeded him and continued his policies.