Mohammad Mosaddegh was an Iranian politician who served as the Prime Minister of Iran from 1951 until 1953. He is best known for his role in nationalizing the Iranian oil industry, which had been controlled by foreign companies, particularly the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company. His policies aimed to reduce foreign influence in Iran and promote economic independence. Mosaddegh's government faced significant challenges, including political opposition and economic difficulties. In 1953, he was overthrown in a coup orchestrated by the CIA and the MI6, which reinstated the Shah of Iran, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi. This event had lasting impacts on Iranian politics and U.S.-Iran relations.