Modern medicine refers to the contemporary practices and technologies used to diagnose, treat, and prevent diseases. It combines scientific research, advanced technology, and clinical expertise to improve patient care. Key components include pharmaceuticals, surgery, and medical imaging, which help healthcare professionals make informed decisions. Additionally, modern medicine emphasizes evidence-based practices, meaning treatments are based on scientific evidence and clinical trials. This approach has led to significant advancements in areas like vaccination, which helps prevent infectious diseases, and genetic research, which explores the role of genes in health and illness.