Mipmapping is a texture mapping technique used in computer graphics to improve image quality and rendering speed. It involves creating a series of pre-calculated, smaller versions of a texture, known as mipmaps. These mipmaps are used when rendering objects at various distances from the camera, allowing for smoother transitions and reducing visual artifacts. When a 3D object is viewed from afar, the graphics engine selects a lower-resolution mipmap, which requires less processing power. This not only enhances performance but also minimizes issues like aliasing, making the overall visual experience more appealing in applications such as video games and simulations.