The Minamoto shogunate, also known as the Kamakura shogunate, was the first military government in Japan, established in 1192 by Minamoto no Yoritomo. This period marked the beginning of feudalism in Japan, where power shifted from the imperial court to military leaders known as shōgun. The shogunate lasted until 1333 and was characterized by a decentralized government structure. During the Minamoto shogunate, the samurai class rose to prominence, and the bushi (warrior) code of conduct began to take shape. The shogunate faced challenges, including internal conflicts and external threats like the Mongol invasions in the late 13th century, which ultimately tested its strength and stability.